上海市浦东新区高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题

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I felt it rather inappropriate to turn up at the graduation ceremony _____ jeans and a T-shirt.

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Education knows no limits. It _____ take place anywhere, whether in a kitchen or in the job.

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It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have _____ accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or gray.

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— Which of these electronic watches do you like?
— ______of them. They are expensive and of little use.

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To help today’s customers make a choice, a company in New York _____a video trolley — a supermarket trolley with a video screen to display advertisement and price information.  

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In the rainforest of the Amazon, 50 to 150 plant species _____ every day.

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We often talk a great deal about English language teaching, _____ that it is the learning that really matters.

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The symbolic one-hour switch-off first _____ in Sydney in 2007 has become an annual global event.

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At least 200,000 people were reported _____ in the ever recorded worst earthquake that struck Haiti last winter.

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This city, _____ lies in the northeast, was the country’s busiest port from 1648 to 1950. 

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Mary had to work at evenings and weekends. Only in this way _____ complete the reports by the deadline.

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_____ you have a complaint to make, do something about it right away. The longer you wait, the harder it will be to get your complaint resolved.

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One advantage of eating a balanced breakfast is _____ it can keep you energetic throughout the day.

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Many scientists believe that now we can study the behavior of a three-year-old child to see ____ they
will grow up to be criminals.

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— Is there any possibility ____ you could pick me up at my office at 7：00 tomorrow evening?
— No problem.

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Many companies give away small quantities of their produce as samples ____ people can try them before buying them.

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Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

F. explained          G. common      H. frequently         I. final             J. learned
Perhaps the most famous theory, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistell. He believes that physical   41   is often culturally programmed．In other words, we learn our looks — we are not   42   with them．A baby has generally unformed face features. A baby, according to Birdwhistle, learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those around — family and friends. This helps explain why the people of some areas of the United States look so much alike, New Englanders or Southerners have certain   43   face features that cannot be   44   by genetics. The exact shape of the mouth is not set at birth; it is   45   after. In fact, the   46   mouth shape is not formed until well after new teeth are set. For many, this can be well into grown-ups. A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat   47  . We learn our looks from those around us. This is perhaps why in a single country there are areas where people smile more than those in other areas. In the United States, for example, the South is the part of the country where the people smile most   48  . In New England they smile less, and in the western part of New York State still less. Many Southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendly, partly because people on Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta. People in   49   populated areas also smile and greet each other in public less than do people in small towns. 

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III. Reading Comprehension     
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.  Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Your cell phone holds secrets about you. Besides the names and   50   that you’ve programmed into it, traces of your DNA remain on it, according to a new study.
　　DNA is genetic material that appears in every cell. Like your fingerprint, your DNA is unique to you   51   you have an identical twin. Scientists today routinely analyze DNA in blood, saliva (唾液), or hair   52   behind at the scene of a crime. The results often help detectives identify   53   and their victims. Your cell phone can   54   more about you than you might think.
　　Meghan J. McFadden, a scientist at McMaster University1in Hamilton, Ontario, heard about a crime in which the suspect（嫌疑犯）bled onto a cell phone and later dropped the   55  . This made her wonder whether traces of DNA remained on cell phones ___ even when no blood was involved.　    56   she and colleague Margaret Wallace of the City University of New York analyzed the flip-open phones(翻盖手机) of 10 volunteers. They used swabs(药签) to collect   57   traces of the users from two parts of the phone: the outside, where the user holds it, and the   58  , which is placed at the user’s ear.
The scientists scrubbed the phones using a solution made mostly of alcohol. The aim of washing was to   59   all detectable (可查明的) traces of DNA. The owners got their phones back for another week.   60   the researchers collected the phones and repeated the swabbing of each phone once more.
The scientists discovered DNA that   61   to the phone’s owner on each of the phones. Better samples were collected from the outside of each phone, but those swabs also   62    DNA of other people who had apparently also handled the phone.   63  , DNA showed up even in swabs that were taken immediately after the phones were scrubbed. That suggests that washing won’t remove all traces of evidence from a criminal’s device. So cell phones can now be added to the   64   of clues that can settle a crime-scene investigation.
50. A. secrets　                B. music                      C. numbers                  D. films
51. A. because                   B. unless                      C. although                  D. if
52. A. kept                        B. dropped                   C. stayed                      D. left
53. A. criminals                 B. clues                   C. witnesses                 D. policemen
54. A. reveal                     B. convince                  C. acquire                     D. value
55. A. document                 B. paper                             C. card                        D. device
56. A. However                 B. But                          C. So                          D. For
57. A. invisible                  B. non-existent             C. missing                   D. apparent
58. A. microphone           B. keys                        C. screen                     D. speaker
59. A. preserve                   B. revise                      C. remove                    D. protect
60.   A. Then                        B. Thus                       C. Meanwhile               D. Otherwise
61.   A. stuck                       B. belonged                 C. happened                 D. contributed
62. A. took in                    B. mixed with              C. picked up                D. gave out
63.   A. Generally                B. Shortly                    C. Disappointedly         D. Surprisingly
64. A. explanation              B. list                          C. book                       D. discovery

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Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
“My kids really understand solar and earth-heat energy,” says a second-grade teacher in Saugus, California. “Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course.” These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program (CBEP), a particular program for kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading, writing and math skills, and more.
The children don't just plan any city. They map and analyze the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and predict its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations. “Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom,” says the teacher who developed this program. “They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected “official” and “planning group” makes all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.”
CBEP is a set of activities, games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problem-solving: observing, analyzing, working out possible answers, and judging them based on the children's own standards.
65. The Program is designed to __________.
A. direct kids to build solar collectors  
B. train young scientists for city planning
C. develop children's problem-solving abilities  
D. train kids to be future architects 
66. An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom to ___________.
A. find out kids' creative ideas                           B. discuss with the teacher
C. give children lectures                                    D. help kids with their program
67. Who is the designer of the program?
A. An official.              B. An architect.             C. A teacher.                 D. A scientist.
68. The children feel free in the program because they _____________.
A. can design future buildings themselves           B. have new ideas and rich imagination
C. are given enough time to design models          D. need not worry about making mistakes

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Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water. To be human is to think. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your thinking processes. Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of others. Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education.
The word “critical” here has a special meaning. It does not mean taking one view against another view, as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen — beyond the picture on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoning.
Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity. If you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker. If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker.
Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and careful thinking. They take time, and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in today’s world: fast food, instant coffee, and self-developing film. If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence, you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Banesh Hoffman, a scientist, was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein, he was too nervous to speak. But Einstein immediately put Hoffman at ease by saying, “Please go slowly, I don't understand things quickly.”
69. According to the passage, if we don’t think critically, we ___________.
A. may not be able think naturally 
B. will be controlled by ideas of other people
C. can control the ideas of others    
D. might be fooled by other people
70.  A critical thinker will ___________.
A. think deeply about different ideas              B. trust the reports in the newspapers
C. take one view against another view            D. criticize other people for their mistakes
71. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. The heart of education                     B. Understanding critical thinking
C. Thinking fast                            D. Thinking and intelligence

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Labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income．This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment，so it includes employers and the self-employed．Labor is one of the country's resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community．
Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population，there are several other influences which also affect it．The age distribution (分布) of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work，then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an balanced spread age distribution．If the population naturally grows rapidly, the number of births greatly exceeds (超出) the number of deaths then as a total population increases proportion of the workforce declines．
Sometimes a population is described as aging which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly，and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it．In that situation the population is top-heavy with older people．So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate．
The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy．If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce，this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group．If the aged are to be cared for in special homes，finance must be available for that purpose．If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population，then the government tax revenue(税收) is relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily．
72．In the passage “labor force” is defined as ___________.
A．people who are available to work and earn income
B．self-employed people only
C．people who are looking for an employment
D．employers who create job opportunities
73．The conclusion which can be drawn from the second paragraph is that___________.
A．a natural growth of population leads to a balanced workforce
B．a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforce
C．the larger the population，the higher the proportion of the workforce
D．the workforce will be lower, if the population has a balanced age distribution，
74．When a population is said to be aging，___________.
A．there are more people retiring than those entering the workforce
B．the birth rate must be growing
C．there should be an oversupply of workforce
D．There are more people entering the workforce than those retiring
75．The population which is top-heavy with older people ___________ of a country.
A．leads to the high rate of unemployment 
B．results in low tax on the workforce members 
C．affects employees’ incomes
D．places pressure on the economy

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Section C
Directions: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph.  There is one extra heading which you do not need.
（D）
A. Promise behaviors
B. Attitude beats experience
C. Job-winning qualities
D. Employer and employee relation
E. Stable career choices
F. Importance of teamwork skills
Despite the economy, experts advice students to major in what interests them.

 
76.
Aware of the worst job market in more than 25 years, many students enrolling in colleges and universities this fall are considering majors that they believe will land them stable career. 
Students with degrees in nursing, health care, accounting, computer, general science and engineering report the most success in finding jobs. Those with degrees in finance, journalism, graphic design, and international relations have had tougher times, liberal arts graduates also struggle.

 
77.
Still career experts say students should major in whatever area most interests them, even if it’s a less specialized liberal arts field, such as Chinese and or sociology. In a national survey, communication, followed closely by a strong work ethic and team work skills, was rated at the most important qualities sought by employers. “Liberal arts teaches us how to learn. When we go out into the world of work, we are going to have to continue to learn,” said Dan Naegeli, director of the university of North Texas career center.

 
78.
Texas Health Resources uses a wide range of workers at its 14 hospitals and other sites. The 18,000 employees company hires about 2000 people a year. It looks for candidates with “promise (有前途的) behaviors,” human resource director Justin Clem said.
“The resume is great… Education is wonderful,” Clem said. “But when we interview, we really want to look at situations they were put into the past, what actions they took, and what were the results. Do these results really support treating other people with courtesy dignity and respect? And communicating clearly and earning people’s trust? And thinking before they act?”

 
79.
The company also looks for people who have record of providing service, said Janaelle Nowne, vice president of human resource. If a student mowed lawns or worked at a fast-food restaurant, she said, “ the things that we would want to hear is how you attended to providing service to people that you were working with and how you were attending to the quality of the products that you have. ”
“Experience is always helpful, but it is not always the guarantee that person is going to get the job,” she added. “We look at the behaviors and the attitude they bring in and their willingness to be a part of the team.”
 
80. 
Lockheed Martin has all sorts of jobs in all sorts of fields. One of the skills recruiters consider is the ability to work in teams.
“Most of what we do is problem solving, and you get people with different kinds of skills together to solve the problem,” said Norman Robbins, senior manager community relations. “If you are real bright but you can’t get along with anybody, you’re not going to be as successful as you will be if you can work in teams.”

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Section D
Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
　　Many parents who welcome the idea of turning off the TV and spending more time with the family are still worried that without TV they would constantly be on call as entertainers for their children. They remember thinking up all sorts of things to do when they were kids. But their own kids seem different, less creative, somehow. When there’s nothing to do, these parents observe regretfully, their kids seem unable to come up with anything to do besides turning on the TV.
　　One father, for example, says, “When I was a kid, we were always thinking up things to do, projects and games. We certainly never complained in an annoying way to our parents, ‘I have nothing to do!’” He compares this with his own children today: “They’re simply lazy. If someone doesn’t entertain them, they’ll happily sit there watching TV all day.”
　　There is one word for this father’s disappointment: unfair. It is as if he were disappointed in them for not reading Greek though they have never studied the language. He deplores(哀叹) his children’s lack of inventiveness, as if the ability to play were something innate(天生的) that his children are missing. In fact, while the tendency to play is built into the human species, the actual ability to play — to imagine, to invent, to elaborate (描述) on reality in a playful way — and the ability to gain fulfillment from it, these are skills that have to be learned and developed.
　　Such disappointment, however, is not only unjust, it is also destructive. Sensing their parents’ disappointment, children come to believe that they are, indeed, lacking something, and that this makes them less worthy of admiration and respect. Giving children the opportunity to develop new resources, to enlarge their horizons and discover the pleasures of doing things on their own is, on the other hand, a way to help children develop a confident feeling about themselves as capable and interesting people.
81. According to many parents, without TV, their children would ask them to ___________.
___________________________________________________________________________
82. Why is it unfair for the father to blame his children for not being able to entertain themselves?
___________________________________________________________________________
83. When parents show constant disappointment in their children, the destructive effect is that the children will___________.
___________________________________________________________________________
84. According to the author, in what way can children’s self-confidence be developed?
___________________________________________________________________________

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第II卷   (45分)
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 应该为公司的进一步发展制定一个新的计划。(make)
___________________________________________________________________________
2. 遵守交通规则，你就能避免交通事故。(and)
___________________________________________________________________________
3. 她常去国外旅游，因为她喜欢了解和体验不同的文化习俗。(enjoy)
___________________________________________________________________________
4. 不管自然灾害多么严重，我们都要尽最大的努力帮助灾区人民度过难关。(However)
___________________________________________________________________________
5. 鉴于吸烟对环境及健康的危害，上海市政府颁布了公共场所禁烟条例，并于2010年3月
1日生效。（issue）
___________________________________________________________________________

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II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
高考结束后你将有一个很长的假期，你准备如何来度这个长假？谈谈你的打算，并说明理由。