普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷）模拟卷（2）

PART TWO LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE
SECTION A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
21．It was not ______ he took off his dark glasses ______ I realized he was Liu Xiang.
A．when; that          B．until; when    C．when; then    D．until; that

22．My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I ______ half of it.

23．—Sorry, I’m late.
—That’s OK. You’re here and that’s what_________.

24．—Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.
—Great! You  _______  read widely and put a lot of work into it.

25．His suggestion_______to see the film Avatar interested every one of us.

26．—I’m going to Shanghai tomorrow. Do you have anything_______to your son, Mr Wang?
—No, thank you anyway.     

27．They had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so they wanted to have _____ one this month.

28．With so much work  _____  with , I doubt if I shall have time to visit you.

29．To pass the exam, Li Hua had a busy week ______ to the radio and the tape.

30．It seems water___from the ceiling for some time . We’ll have to climb to the roof with a ladder.

31．America was_________was first called “India” by Columbus.

32．He was very busy, and________he didn’t go to the party that night.

33．— Is it all right if I come at about 8.30 ?
— No, I  ________  the football match then.

34．Terrible as the storm was, umbrellas tightly__________in our hands , we continued our way.

35．Fortunately we had a compass, without________we would have got lost.

SECTION B
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
There are between 3000 and 6000 public languages in the world, and we must add approximately 6  __36___  private languages since each one of us necessarily has one.  __37___  these facts, the possibilities for breakdowns in communication seem infinite in number. However, we do  __38___  successfully from time to time. And we do learn to speak languages.                               But learning to speak languages seems to be a very  __39___  process. For a long time, people thought that we learned a language only by imitation and association.  __40___, a baby touches a hot pot and starts to cry. The mother says, “Hot, hot!” And the baby, when it stops crying,  __41___  the mother and says, “Hot, hot!” However, Noam Chomsky, a famous expert in language,  __42___  that although children do learn some  __43___ by imitation and association, they also combine words to make meaningful sentences in ways that are unique, unlearned and creative.
Because young children can make sentences they have never heard before, Chomsky suggested that human infants are born with the  __44___  to learn language. Chomsky meant that underneath all the differences between public and private languages, there is a universal language mechanism that makes it  __45___  for us, as infants, to learn any language in the world. This  __46___  explains the potential that human infants have for learning language. But it does not really explain how children  __47___  use language in particular ways.
36. A. million             B. trillion            C. thousand                D. billion
37. A. Supposing          B. Given             C. Considering           D. Taken
38. A. speak              B. tell               C. learn                     D. communicate
39. A. various            B. mysterious           C. famous                    D. obvious
40. A. For example       B. Such as           C. Like this                D. That is
41. A. understands      B. imitates          C. loves                     D. attaches
42. A. pointed at       B. pointed to         C. pointed out              D. point off
43. A. words            B. sentences               C. paragraphs             D.passages
44. A. right               B. ability            C. power                   D. force
45. A. certain                  B. impossible           C. possible                 D. successful
46. A. imagination               B. fiction            C. invention                      D. theory
47. A. come to           B. become to     C. go to                    D. used to

SECTION C
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
People gather on a street of downtown Santiago after an earthquake February 27, 2010. A powerful 8.8-magnitude（级）earthquake that shook Chile on Saturday killed at least 64 people, knocking  __48___  homes and hospitals, and triggering（引发）a tsunami (海啸).
Buildings caught fire and residents huddled（挤）in streets covered with glass and bricks , many terrified by powerful aftershocks and desperately trying to call friends and family. President Michelle Bachelet said that there were 78 confirmed deaths and that  __49___ were possible. Telephone and power lines were down, making it  __50___ to assess the full extent of the damage close to the epicenter (震中).
Chile is the world's No. 1 copper producer, and the quake halted operations at two major mines near the capital."Never in my life have I experienced  __51___  quake like this, it's like the end of the world," one man told local television from the city of Temuco,  __52___  the quake damaged homes and forced staff to evacuate (撤离) the regional hospital.
The U.S. Geological Survey said the earthquake struck 56 miles northeast of the city of Concepcion  __53___  a depth of 22 miles at 3:34 a.m. (1:34 a.m. EST). The capital Santiago, about 200 miles north of the epicenter, was also badly hit. The international airport was forced to close  __54___  the quake destroyed passenger walkways and shook glass out of doors and windows. Local television showed a building in flames in Concepcion  __55___  said some residents looted (劫掠) medicine shops and other businesses in the chaos.

PART THREE READING COMPREHENSION
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
Building after building under water．Refugees in shelters．Thousands of others unsure where to go．Bodies in streets．This is what one of America's historic cities was reduced to this week by a powerful storm, Katrina．The mayor of New Orleans says thousands may be dead．Hurricane Katrina also caused death and destruction in parts of Mississippi and Alabama along the Gulf of Mexico．
New Orleans is famous for its wild Mardi Gras celebrations．New Orleans is also a major port for foreign oil and other shipping trade．Yet the city of nearly five hundred thousand people was built below sea level．New Orleans has depended on levees to control floods from the Mississippi River．Katrina struck on Monday．New Orleans avoided a direct hit．But two of the levees failed the next day．Most of the city was flooded．Helicopters dropped huge sandbags to fill the breaks．But the water had no place to go．Pumping stations had no power．
America faces one of the worst natural events in its history．President Bush says the recovery will take years．People were told to leave the path of the storm．But some would not or could not．Many of those worst affected by Katrina are poor and black．African-American leaders and others were angry that government aid did not arrive faster．President Bush visited some of the damaged areas on Friday．He said the way officials reacted to the crisis was unacceptable．
56．Which is true of the following details about New Orleans?
A．New Orleans is a newly-built city of America
B．There were no black people in New Orleans．
C．This is the first time that hurricane has stricken it．
D．It’s  a port for foreign oil and other shipping trade．
57．What does the underlined word “levees” (in the second paragraph) mean?
A．dams                   B． trees                    C．ports                    D．ships
58．Which is right about the Hurricane Katrina?
A．It also caused the destruction in parts of Mississippi．
B．A lot of people died in this disaster．
C．It cut off the electricity supply of the city．
D．All of the above is right．
59．What can we learn from the text?
A．President Bush was not concerned about this disaster．
B．The recovery of the city will take a few days．
C． In this city there were no pump stations．
D． In this disaster the government aid didn’t  arrive in time．
60. What kind of attitude does the author have toward the government ?
A. appreciative          B. optimistic              C. depreciative           D. humorous

B
Riding School:
You can start horse-riding at any age. Choose private or group lessons any weekday between 9 a.m. and 8:30 p.m. (3:30 p.m. on Saturdays). There are 10 kilometres of tracks and paths for leisurely rides across farmland and open country. You will need a riding hat.
Opening Hours: Monday through Friday:9:00 a.m. ~ 8:30p.m.
Phone: (412) 396-6754 Fax: (412) 396-6752
Sailing Club:
Our Young Sailor’s Course leads to the Stage Sailing qualification. You’ll learn how to sail safely and the course also covers sailing theory and first aid. Have fun with other course members afterwards in the clubroom. There are 10 weekly two-hour lessons (Tuesdays 6p.m.~ 8p.m.)
Opening Hours: Tuesdays: 6:00p.m.~ 8:00p.m
Phone:( 412)396-6644  Fax: (412) 396-6644
Diving Centre:
Our experienced instructors offer one-month courses in deep-sea diving for beginners. There are two evening lessons a week, in which you learn to breathe underwater and use the equipment safely. You only need a swimming costume and towel. Reduced rates for couples.
Opening Hours: Monday and Friday: 6:30p.m.~ 8:30p.m
Phone: (412)396-6312  Fax: (412) 396-6706
Medical Center:
The staff of the Medical Center aim to provide convenient and comprehensive medical care to students and staff of the university. The center is well equipped and the staff here are trained to deal with a broad range of medical problems. Both female and male doctors as well as nursing staff are available for consultation. Also, all kinds of medicines are sold here and are cheaper for students than other drugstores.
Opening Hours: 24 hours from Monday to Sunday
Phone: ( 412)396-6649  Fax: (412) 396-6648
Watersports club:
We use a two-kilometre length of river for speedboat racing, and water-skiing. A beginners’ course consists of ten 20-minute lessons. You will learn to handle boats safely and confidently but must be able to swim. The club is in a convenient central position and is open daily from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., with lessons all through the day.
Opening Hours: Monday through Friday: 9:00a.m.~ 4:00p.m
Phone: (412)396-6899 Fax: (412) 396-6890
61. If you want to swim and enjoy activities which are fast and a bit dangerous, you should join _______ .
A. Sailing Club                                              B. Riding School
C. Watersports Club                                          D. Diving Centre
62. If you want to experience a new activity in the countryside in the mornings, you may fax _______ .                  
A. (412) 396-6752                                             B. (412) 396-6706
C. (412 ) 396-6648                                            D. (412) 396- 6876
63. If you are planning to explore the ocean depths, you should attend your lessons at  _______ .
A. 24 hours from Monday to Sunday
B. Monday through Friday: 7:00 a.m.~ 10:00 p.m.
C. Tuesdays: 6:00 p.m.~ 8:00 p.m.
D. Monday and Friday: 6:30 p.m. ~ 8:30 p.m.
64. If you want to do an activity one evening a week and get a certificate in the end, you can go to _______ .
A. Sailing Club                                                  B. Diving Centre
C. Watersports Club                                           D. Riding School
65. Which is NOT the convenience that the Medical Center provides?
A. Good equipment.                                           B. Nursery for newly-born babies.
C. Various less expensive medicines.                    D. Well trained staff members.

C
A poor chimney-sweeper, who had not enough money to buy a meal, stopped one hot summer day at noon before an eating-house, and remained regaling his nose with the smell of the victuals．The master of the shop told him several times to go away, but the sweeper could not leave savory smell, though unable to purchase the taste of the food．At last the cook came out of the shop, and taking hold of the sweeper, declared that, as he had been feeding upon the smell of his victuals (food and drink), he should not go away without paying half the price of a dinner．The poor fellow said that he neither could nor would pay, and that he would ask the first person who should pass, whether it was not an unreasonable and unjust demand．
The case was referred to a policeman, who happened to pass at that moment．He said to the sweeper: “As you have been feasting one of your senses with the odor (smell) of this man’s meat, it is but just you should make him some recompense; therefore you shall, in your turn, regale (amuse) one of his senses, which seems to be more insatiable than your appetite．How much money have you?”
“I have but two pence in all the world, sir, and I must buy me some bread．”
“Never mind,” answered the officer, “take your two pence between your hands; now rattle (cause to make a lot of quick little noises)them loudly．”
The sweeper did so, and the officer, turning to the cook, said, “Now, sir, I think he has paid you: the smell of your victuals regaled his nostrils(openings at the end of the nose); the sound of his money has tickled your ears．”
This decision gave more satisfaction to the bystanders than to the cook, but it was the only payment he could obtain．
66．The sweeper stopped one hot summer day at noon before an eating-house, because _______ .
A．he wanted to regale his nose with the smell of the victuals
B．he was hungry and he wanted to have dinner
C．he was hungry but he had no enough money to buy a meal
D．he wanted to smell if the food was delicious．
67．The cook’s demand that the sweeper should pay half the price of a dinner was 
obviously _______ .
A．reasonable     B．not fair  C．logical   D．proper
68．We infer that the way that the policeman settled the problem was _______ .
A．foolish        B．kind      C．clever    D．stupid
69．The passage implied that _______ .
A．it’s a pity that the cook did not get what he wanted
B．the master of the shop and the cook were cool-hearted
C．the cook was cruel
D．the sweeper got what he wanted
70. Which is true according to the passage?
A. This story is arranged in order of time.
B. This story is arranged in order of place.
C. There were four people in the scene.
D. The case was judged by law.

PART FOUR  WRITING
SECTION A
Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.
Supplying energy by nuclear power is a new trend in the recent years. However, it may be very dangerous.
First, the radioactive material must travel from its place of production to the power station. Although the power stations themselves are strongly built, the containers used for the transport of the materials are not. Normally, only two methods of transport are in use, namely, road and rail. Unfortunately, both of these may have an effect on the general public, since they are sure to pass near, or even through, heavily populated areas.
Second, there is a problem of waste. All nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most cases will remain radioactive for thousands of years. It is impossible to make these waste non radioactive, so they must be stored in one of the inconvenient ways that scientists have invented. For example, they may be buried under the ground, or dropped into deserted mines, or sunk in the area. However, these methods do not solve the problem, since an earthquake could easily break the containers.
Third, there may occur the danger of a leak or an explosion at the power station. As with the other two dangers, this is not very likely, so it doesn’t provide a serious objection to nuclear program. However, it can happen.
Separately, these three types of dangers are not a great cause for worry. Taken together, though, the probability of disaster is extremely high.
Title:   71  of Nuclear Power

SECTION B
Directions：Read the following passage．Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit．Write your answers on your answer sheet.
According to the sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer (赠与) leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge (显现) as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.
Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent（可靠的）evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually (actually) any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.
Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive (有表现力的) leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective（集体的）well beings of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize (将……减到最少) tension and conflict among them.
Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who prevent attaining the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate（培养）a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in achieving group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.
81. How are leaders usually chosen? (不超过12个单词)
__________________________________________________________
82. What do expressive leaders generally focus on? （不超过5个词）
__________________________________________________________
83. What kind of person may be considered a leader according to the writer? (不超过17个单词)
__________________________________________________________
84. What does the passage mainly discuss? （不超过8个词）
__________________________________________________________

SECTION C
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是李华，你的好友王芳因病耽搁课程将近两周，她很着急。请你给她写一封劝慰信，提出一些合理的建议，并祝愿她早日康复。
词数： 120左右。