江苏省南京市高三第二次英语模拟试卷

It is really important for parents to reach a _______ between what they want and what their kids desire.

By 2025, when the number of consumers worldwide has reached 4.2 billion, people with high income will be, for the first time, more than _______ struggling to meet basic needs.

This will be a year of action, and that action should begin by extending unemployment insurance for Americans who were _______ in the economic slowdown.

— How is your sister?
— She _______ quite good after the operation, but she is taking a turn for the worse today.

The two girls, born four days _______ in January 1986, have been friends since their junior days and both won the championship this year.

— I'd like Johnson to take the job.
— He is _______. Better not add to his workload.

— My computer _______ start, no matter how hard I try.
— It might have crashed.

Our company is going on very well. _______ dozens of local women, we produce handmade goods with unique designs that sell well overseas.

Many restaurant menus include the origins of a dish, _______ it is prepared, what the main ingredients are, and which farms the ingredients come from.

It was several minutes _______ we realized what was happening~our dog was trapped in a newly-dug tunnel.

I was once ashamed to admit my weakness, but now I have no such feeling and I _______    myself much discomfort.

At sixty, Maugham decided to withdraw from the theater and wrote The Summer Up, in which he tried to review what he _______ from his life and literature.

Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, _______ countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow.

One of the characteristics that make me different from many people is my adaptability—I'm _______ and comfortable in new or unusual situations.

— The scarf is nice, but the price is a little bit high.
— _______, but if you want good quality, you have to pay more.

Mark Twain said that “habit is habit, and not to be flung(扔) out the window by anyone, but coaxed (劝诱)downstairs a step at a time.” The chances of successfully changing negative behavior         when you make gradual changes that give you time to         negative patterns for positive ones.
On any given day, countless numbers of us get out of bed and         to begin to change a given behavior “today.” Whether it be exercising more, drinking less, managing time         or some other change in a negative behavior, we start out with high        . In a short time, however, a vast majority of people fail and are soon doing         it was they thought they shouldn't be doing.
After considerable research, some researchers believe that behavior changes usually do not         if they start with the change itself.        , they believe that we must         a series of “stages” to adequately prepare ourselves for that         change. Once you have analyzed all the factors that         what you do, you must decide which behavior-change technique will work best for you.
According to the psychologist Albert Ellis, most         problems and related behaviors arise from irrational (不理性的) statements that people make to         when events in their lives are different from what they would like them to be. For example, suppose alter doing         on an exam, you say to yourself, “I can't believe I failed that easy exam, I’m so stupid.” By changing this irrational “catastrophic” self-talk into rational,         statements about what is really going on, you can increase the         that positive behaviors will occur.
Positive self-talk might be         as follows: “I really didn’t study enough for the exam. I just need to prepare for the next        .”
Such self-talk will help you to recover quickly from         and take positive steps to correct the situation. Some other technique like purposefully         or stopping negative thoughts and refusing to dwell on(沉湎于) negative images can also spare you wasted energy, time and emotional resources and move on to positive changes.

A．decline B．remain C．disappear D．improve

A．substitute B．cancel C．find D．ignore

A．refuse B．determine C．hesitate D．advocate

A．more B．better C．worse D．less

A．values B．requirements C．expectations D．levels

A．whichever B．however C．wherever D．whatever

A．succeed B．fail C．exist D．fade

A．Nevertheless B．Otherwise C．Instead D．Moreover

A．look through B．break through C．go through D．pull through

A．initial B．temporary C．instant D．eventual

A．involve B．influence C．explain D．adjust

A．emotional B．physical C．technical D．professional

A．all B．others C．someone D．themselves

A．poorly B．carefully C．completely D．slowly

A．positive B．ridiculous C．negative D．explicit

A．danger B．awareness C．amount D．probability

A．written B．phrased C．listed D．captioned

A．research B．test C．talk D．problem

A．tiredness B．habits C．disappointment D．burdens

A．recalling B．starting C．blocking D．holding

Here’s a movie—a sharp, sugar-rush of fun that’s guaranteed to entertain the entire family.
With some terrific computer-generated effects, a great cast and a fun-packed storyline, Robots is the best animated film (动画片) since The Incredibles. Yep, it really is that good.
Set in a world populated by robots, Ewan McGregor plays Rodney Copperbottom, a young robot who leaves his small-town home to pursue his dream of becoming an inventor.
But after arriving in Robot City, his hopes of getting a job at Bigweld Industries are destroyed when he learns the firm has been taken over by the evil Ratchet (Greg Kinnear).
Egged on by his controlling mum, Madame Gasket (Jim Broadbent), Ratchet plans to reduce half of Robot City’s citizens to scrap metal by refusing to sell the spare parts they need to survive.
Instead, he wants to make a fortune selling expensive upgrades that few can afford. As he says, “Why be you when you can be new?”
Aided by a few misfit robots known as the Rustles—including Robin Williams as the cowardly' (胆小的）Fender (“I’m made of a metal called Afraidium”)—Rodney must track down the firm’s founder, Bigweld (Mel Brooks), and convince him to save the city from Ratchet’s plans.
The first thing that’ll strike you about the movie is the thought that's gone into creating Robot City. It’s a wondrous world full of mechanical marvels including wind-up cars and walking streetlamps.
Also terrific are the special effects. This might be an animated movie but at times you’ll catch yourself thinking it’s really a live-action film.
Of course, there have been plenty of animated movies that looked the part but were let down by a weak storyline (see Shark Tale, for example).
But Robots grips (扣人心弦) right from the start thanks to a heart-warming and thoroughly engaging plot that never bores.
My only complaints are with Williams who, as usual，has a one-in-10 success rate with his jokes. Also a letdown is a romantic subplot between Rodney and a shapely robot called Cappy (Halle Berry) that doesn’t go anywhere.
Complains aside, this is a mechanical marvel that’ll have you bolted firmly to your seat.
BEST QUOTE(引述): Fender: “Even though you had a discouraging day, just remember there’s another one coming tomorrow.”
BEST BIT: Check out those amazing images.
WORST BIT: Robin Williams, character does an unfunny Britney Spears dance routine.
IF YOU LIKED…Ice Age, The Incredibles, Toy Story... YOU’LL LIKE THIS.
This piece of writing is a _______.

The cast of Robots is made up of all the following actors or actresses EXCEPT _______.

What is Shark Tale an example of?

Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top, human carcinogens (致癌物质), said the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is the World Health Organization's (WHO) cancer agency, on Oct 17,2013.
The most widely used system for classifying carcinogens comes from the IARC, which places them into five groups. Group 1 carcinogens definitely cause cancer in humans. Group 2A is probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B is possibly carcinogenic, the carcinogenicity of Group 3 in humans is unclassifiable, and Group 4 is probably not carcinogenic to humans. Only a little more than 100 are classified as Group 1 cancer-causing substances, including ultraviolet radiation and tobacco smoke.
“Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,” the lARC's Dana Loomis said in a statement. “The results from the reviewed studies point in the same direction: the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly increased in people exposed to air pollution.”
In 2010, lung cancer resulting from air pollution killed 223,000 people worldwide, and there was also convincing evidence that it increases the risk of bladder (膀腕) cancer, according to the IARC.
Air pollution is already known to raise risks for a wide range of illnesses, including respiratory and heart diseases.
Air pollution is global, although the levels of it vary over space and time.
Loomis said people in Asia, eastern North America, some places in Central America and Mexico, as well as North Africa have relatively high exposure. Developing countries with large populations and booming manufacturing sectors, such as China, are particularly at risk.
Many cities in China, such as Beijing, frequently see smog. This week, Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, became the first Chinese city to officially suspend classes due to serious smog
Many developed countries face similar problems, although to a lesser degree than most developing nations. In Europe, levels of many pollutants have fallen. But between 91 and 96 percent of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of PM2.5—tiny particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers—that are higher than the WHO safety limits, says a report published by the European Environment Agency on Oct 15.
Although both the composition and levels of air pollution can vary dramatically from one location to the other, the 1ARC said its conclusions apply to all regions of the world.
“Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide, this report should send a strong signal to the international community to take action without further delay,” said Christopher Wild, director of the IARC.
What might be the best title of the passage?

What’s the main task of IARC?

Why should the international community take action without further delay?

First lady Michelle Obama turns 50 on Friday, Jan. 17, 2014.
Michelle Obama has spent the first half-century of her life breaking barriers and checking off a series of firsts. Now, as she reaches her milestone birthday Friday, the nation will be watching to see in what other areas she will leave her mark.
Five years after moving into the White House, and without a re-election campaign to worry about, she has more room to relax in her role and, political watchers say, possibly become more vocal (声音的) on political issues in the three years left in office.
So far, critics have complained about Michelle’s silence on issues where they expected to hear her voice: Last year, at the start of her husband's second term, she disappointed advocates for tighter gun-control measures after she failed to push harder on the issue in response to the massacre (残杀) at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn. She also disappointed some feminists (女权主义者) who wanted her to defend their causes instead of falling back on her self-described role as the nation’s “mom-in-chief.” Nor did she handle racial issues during her second term, as some had expected.
“The most important thing to remember is, whether you are black, white or Hispanic, you’re the first lady and the president of all the people in the United States. That’s a huge melting pot, so to reinforce (强化)that she's African American over anything else would not be wise,” said Anita McBride, who directs programming and national conferences on the legacies (遗产) of America’s first ladies and their historical influence at American University.
Valerie Jarrett, a top White House adviser and a close friend of the Obamas, said the first lady doesn't want to “spread herself too thin.”
“She really wants to have a maximum impact and to do that in fewer areas,” Jarrett told the Associated Press. “That, she said, “is better than trying to take on every single possible cause.”
But Robert Watson, a Lynn University professor, said he expects Obama to “go a little harder at issues” over the next several years. “Second-term first ladies usually feel more at ease to speak more forcefully about issues close to their heart,” he said.
Myra Gutin, a Ryder University communications professor and frequent lecturer on first ladies, said she expects Obama to continue making both of them a priority in her remaining years in the White House, given their success. Michelle launched the “Let’s Move” campaign in 2010. It in particular has gained widespread support, ranging from the National Football League to the Sesame Street franchise (特许), which even gave permission to the produce industry to use its licensed characters for free on fruits and vegetables.
“There’s no such thing as a traditional first lady, not anymore in this technology-filled world. Is Mrs. Obama cutting edge? Is she an activist? No. As first ladies go, I think she’s been politically careful because she does not want there to be a major flare-up that would require her husband to use his political capital to clean up,” she said. “But she’s not exactly just sitting in the White House pouring tea and having receptions, either.”
Critics were disappointed with Michelle because _______.

According to the professors or advisers, which of the following statements is NOT true?

What does the underlined phrase “spread herself too thin” in Paragraph 6 mean?

In Paragraph 9, the campaign “Let’s Move” might be aiming to help people _______..
a. gain widespread support
b. become more physically active
c. have access to healthier foods
d. raise awareness about gun control

Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection. The Galapagos are among the world's most important scientific treasures, a group of volcanic islands surrounded by deserted beaches and inhabited by unique varieties of giant tortoise, lizards, and birds.
Yet life on this United Nations world heritage site has turned sour. Battles have broken out between fishermen and conservationists. Ecuador, which owns the islands, has sent a naval patrol (海军巡逻队) to put down disturbances.
The controversial director of the Galapagos National Park—which controls 97 percent of Galapagos land and the reserve extending to 40 miles offshore—has been fired, while an air of uneasy tension hangs over the islands, as the islanders prepare for election when they pick their representatives in Ecuador’s national assembly.
“It’s a very tense situation,” said Leonor Stjepic, director of the London-based Galapagos Conservation Trust, which raises money to help projects on the islands. “We are watching it with concern.”
The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands’ population. Puerto Ayora, on Santa Cruz island, housed just 45 inhabitants in the 50s. Today there are more than 10,000, while the islands' total population is more than 19,000 and growing by 6 percent a year, despite recently introduced a law to limit waves of immigrants fleeing the poor areas of Ecuador for a life “in paradise (天堂)”. On top of this, more than 100,000 tourists visit the islands every year.
Such numbers have put the islands, special ecology under intense pressure. Conservationists backed by the Ecuador government, have replied by exercising strict controls to protect the islands* iguanas, blue-footed boobies, and giant tortoises.
These moves have angered many local people, however. They want to exploit (开发利用) the islands’ waters and catch its protected species of sharks, lobsters and sea cucumbers, which can fetch high prices in Japan and South Korea.
Angry fishermen surrounded the Charles Darwin research station on Santa Cruz last February, threatened to kill Lonesome George—the last surviving member of the Pinta Island species of the Galapagos giant tortoise.
The situation got improved after the Ecuador government made concessions (让步) by increasing fishing quotas (配额), which angered conservationists. “It is tragic, the short-term gain of a few fishermen versus the long-term survival of the Galapagos,” said John McCosker of the California Academy of Sciences. “They are killing the golden goose.”
Then, the Ecuador government appointed Fausto Cepeda as the national park's new director, a post that has become a political football for the mainland government. There have been nine directors in the past 18 months.
This appointment was particularly controversial, however. Cepeda was known to have close ties with the fishing industry, and the rangers (管理员),who run the national park and reserve, rebelled.
More than 300 staged a sit-in at the park’s headquarters and prevented Cepeda from taking up his post. A battle broke out, and at least two people suffered serious injuries. Eventually, Cepeda—with the fishermen’s help- entered the park. “I am in office, i am in control. And I am trying to lower the tension,” he announced.
The Ecuador government took no chances, and sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace. A few days later, Ecuador Environment Minister Fabian Valdivicso met representatives of rangers. After discussions, he told newspapers that he had decided to remove Cepeda from the post.
However, as the population continues to rise, the long-term pressures on the islands are serious and will not disappear that easily.
“We have to balance its special environment with the needs of local people. In that sense, it is a microcosm (缩影) for all the other threatened parts of the world. So getting it right here is going to be a very, very important trick to pull off,” said Stjepic.
What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

How significant were the islands for Charles Darwin?

What is the primary contributing factor to the conflict between conservationists and fishermen?

We can learn from the passage that _______.

In Paragraph 13, what does the author mean by “The Ecuador government took no chances”?

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Trust is in rare supply these days. People are having trouble trusting each other, according to an AP-GFK poll conducted in November 2013, which found that Americans are suspicious of each other in their everyday life. Only one-third of Americans say most people can be trusted—down from half who felt that way in 1972. A record high of nearly two-thirds says “you can’t be too careful” in dealing with people in 2013.
This can be carried over into the workplace, where employees want their leaders to be more trustworthy. Employees have grown tired of unexpected outcomes resulting from the lack of preparation. They want to be informed of any change management efforts before—not after the fact. Employees desire to know what is expected of them and be given the opportunity to better themselves, rather than be told they are not qualified for new roles and responsibilities.
Here are four early warning signs for you to course-correct when employees are having trouble trusting their leaders.
Lack courage
Leaders that don’t stand up for what they believe in are difficult to respect and trust. Too many leaders waste too much of their valuable time trying to act like other leaders in the organization—rather than attempting to establish their own identity and leadership style. Employees know that if their leaders are not savvy (精明) enough to move themselves into a position of greater influence, it will make it much more difficult for them to get noticed and discovered as well. When leaders lack the courage to enable their full potential and that of others, it becomes a challenge to trust.
Self-centered
When a leader is only looking out for themselves and lacks any sense of commitment to the advancement of their employees—this shuts off employees quickly. Great leaders are great coaches and are always looking to help their employees grow. When leaders lack any real desire to coach or 'guide the career advancement of their employees—it becomes increasingly difficult for employees to trust them. But when leaders are too disruptive (指手画脚), their employees sense that they are in it for themselves and/or don’t trust the talent around them.
Reputation issues
When people begin to speak negatively about their leader, it makes it more difficult for others to trust their intentions. For example, look at what has happened to President Barack Obama since December 2009 when his approval rating was 69%. Four years later, Obama’s approval rating is at 43%. Many who have followed him for years are now having trouble trusting him.
Every leader must be aware that they are constantly being evaluated and thus they can never grow self-satisfied. When they do, this begins to negatively impact their reputation and the trust employees have in their leadership.
Inconsistent Behavior
People are more inclined to trust those who are consistent with their behavior. Isn’t it easy to begin questioning one’s judgment when they are inconsistent? When everyone but the leader is on board with a strategy—you begin to wonder if their intentions are to support the organization’s advancement or their own. Leaders need to refresh their leadership style before they lose the trust of their employees.
This is what today leaders must consider: how to lead in new ways that focus less on oneself, but more on the betterment of a healthier whole.

Trust between employees and their leaders
Problem	_________ has been declining among Americans in their daily life as well as in the workplace.
Employees’ hopes for leaders _________ trust	● Employees want to be _________ to get prepared for any change management efforts in advance. ● Employees desire to know their leaders’ expectations of them and want to get _________ to better themselves.
Warnings for leaders to _________ the breakdown of trust	● Don’t _________ other leaders and stand up for what you believe in. ● Be _________ to helping your employees grow. ● Never let _________ negatively impact your reputation. ● Behave _________ or your judgment will be questioned.
Suggestion	For leaders, more focus on the betterment of a healthier whole should be taken into _________.

阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150字左右的英语短文。

A boy found an eagle’s egg and he put it in the nest of a hen. The eagle hatched and thought he was a chicken. He grew up doing what chickens do—scratching for food and flying short distances. It was a dull life. Gradually the eagle grew older and biller. One day he and his chicken friends saw a beautiful bird soaring on the currents of air, high above the mountains.
“Oh, I wish I could fly like that!” said the eagle. The chicken replied, “Don’t give it another thought. That’s the mighty(强大的) eagle, the king of all birds—you could never be like him!” And the eagle didn’t give it another thought. He went on cackling and complaining about life. He died thinking he was a chicken.
My friends, you too were born an eagle. The Creator intended you to be an eagle, so don't listen to the chickens!
【写作内容】
1、以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2、以约120个词谈谈你对“自信”的看法，内容包括：
(1) 鹰成为鸡的原因；
(2) 这则故事的启示。
【写作要求】
1、可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2、作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。